Which of the following is a qualitative assessment instrument?

A portfolio is considered a qualitative assessment instrument because it provides a comprehensive view of a student's work and progress over time, highlighting their skills, experiences, and growth in various areas. Portfolios collect various types of student work, such as art projects, written assignments, and personal reflections, allowing educators to evaluate a student's capabilities in a more holistic manner. This qualitative approach focuses on the depth and richness of the student's learning rather than just quantifiable scores or grades.

In contrast, achievement tests, creativity tests, and IQ tests typically yield quantitative data. Achievement tests measure specific knowledge or skills and provide numerical scores, while creativity tests often rely on standardized metrics to assess creative thinking abilities. IQ tests evaluate cognitive abilities and intellectual potential, also typically resulting in a single score that compares an individual to normative data, which does not capture the nuances of a student's learning experience.