Which of the following is included in quantitative assessments?

Quantitative assessments are designed to measure variables that can be quantified and generally involve numerical data. Aptitude tests, which assess a person's potential to develop skills or acquire knowledge in specific areas, are included in this category. These tests often provide scores that can be statistically analyzed, allowing educators to compare individuals or groups and draw conclusions about abilities and achievements.

In the context of quantitative assessments, aptitude tests are valued for their structured format and objectivity, yielding results that can be interpreted with statistical methods. This makes them suitable for assessing giftedness, as they can offer a clear picture of a student's cognitive abilities compared to normative data.

The other options, while valuable in educational assessments, primarily fall into qualitative categories or gather subjective data rather than yielding quantifiable numerical results. For instance, self-reports and interviews often reflect personal experiences and perceptions, while field observations document behaviors in natural settings without necessarily providing numerical data for analysis.